This arc follows a preset bore path using a surface drilling rig. The image above shows a sonde and battery fitted inside a slant face drilling head. 757 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<818473D849B370E99276959C150446C3><5862925C0F04774D9936C4C2CD7CF8D7>]/Index[745 21]/Info 744 0 R/Length 69/Prev 35703/Root 746 0 R/Size 766/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream hb```b``d`a`` @p!y The number of construction personnel is relatively small, and at least 10-20 people are required for manual excavation, while only 7 people are used for pipeline directional drilling technology. Nonetheless, some mini-HDD installations may be considered to be relatively critical, or approach limits with respect to the capability of the available drill rig and/or the strength of the product pipe being installed. These plastic pipes offer a new generation of leak-proof, maintenance-free, and energy-efficient pipeline systems that are chemical- and abrasion-resistant and therefore excellent for use in the lining and relining of pipelines, slurry applications, water reticulation, sewer and stormwater systems, the mining industry, and in dolomite areas. Such effects are independent of the pipe stiffness, pipe diameter, borehole clearance, radius of curvature or direction of curvature, and, in some cases become a major consideration due to their compounding effect. hb```i|@Y8Ldhp`iPpgpg#LK:pt2&55/a?aOJ3h13(81dU 8vk& 47kQK\ V'Pj{r e7*fp7D ~aKr+dXi-@%q[cqSxj'VJmxj U[z'. Unnecessarily large curvatures (sharp bends) also contribute to bending stresses in the HDPE pipe, but generally are not significant for such a flexible product. Complete Tooling Line ( All Types of Bits, Subs, Housings) Drill Rod Drilling Muds & Fluids Mule Tape Couplers Darts HDPE Pipe PVC Pipe & Fittings PVC Glue This method is regularly used on distribution systems, which typically use small diameter mains, and on rural distribution systems it often enables mains to be installed alongside the carriageway without impeding traffic flow, as the drilling equipment is compact and self contained. Horizontal Directional Drilling - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics Since uncontrolled drilling can lead to damage, different agencies/government authorities owning the urban right-of-way or the utilities have rules for safe work execution. This information is encoded into an electromagnetic signal and transmitted through the ground to the surface in a walk-over system. International, Inc., 2015, pg. The theoretical basis of the formulae for estimating the required pulling force is provided below. If the calculation shows that the maximum permissible load may be exceeded then it may be necessary to increase the capacity of the PE100 pipe by increasing its thickness. Why Do HDD Contractors Use Polyethylene Pipe? | American Directional Boring 0000004689 00000 n For larger diameters, and in rock, the drilled material must be removed from the bored hole as drilling and reaming progresses. PDF SECTION 20 HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING (HDD)/HDPE PIPE - mawss.com For a drill of this length, with a pull back of 10 inch HDPE pipe, the anticipated schedule is set out in Table 2: Table 2. Although pipe stiffness effects may generally be ignored for flexible PE pipe, there is a potentially important effect can be due to route bends or any path curvature of significance. Weight is calculated using DN and Minimum wall plus 6% for use in estimating fluid flow. At a minimum, it should be able to provide the necessary pulling force, based on the estimated required pulling force for the pipe itself, with possible additional capacity for accomplishing reaming. Successive reamers are then pulled back to enlarge the bore diameter to the desired size. With a magnetic guidance system (MGS), the tool reads inclination and azimuth. Such effects are independent of the pipe stiffness, pipe diameter, borehole clearance, radius of curvature or direction of curvature, and, in some cases become a major consideration due to their compounding effect. NyPipe offers quality products, competitive pricing and reliable service. Monitoring and contingency planning should be in place prior to and during drilling below or in the proximity of environmentally sensitive locations. For such cases, the buoyant weight of the submerged pipe, in combination with the corresponding frictional characteristics, is the major factor in determining the required pull force. Tensions induced in the PE pipe, as it passes any curve, become amplified because the tensile forces tend to pull the pipe against the curved surface. FIGURE 1. ?5Hb0CB$ 17C``!Dc@ q As the drill string is withdrawn to the drilling rig, the back-reamer enlarges the borehole and the pipe string is pulled into the hole. %PDF-1.6 % Using directional drilling techniques to guide a drill string along a bore path under obstacles such as rivers, lakes, railway crossings or highways, enables replacement of existing water lines, or installation of new ones, at a relatively rapid rate. The risk of scoring of the pipe can be minimised by ensuring the reamed bore is of sufficient diameter and properly cleaned and proved prior to pipe pull-back. For the larger diameters, the equipment is large, and requires support equipment such as generators and hydraulic power units. Special care must be taken with the pressure of drilling mud, especially when the operation is shallow. endstream endobj 749 0 obj <>stream Horizontal directional drilling shall consist of the drilling of a small diameter pilot hole from one end of the alignment to the other, followed by enlarging the hole diameter for the pipeline insertion. Fluid exhaustion associated with smaller bores is proportionally less as well. D2dIFya 765 0 obj <>stream COPYING AND DISTRIBUTING ARE PROHIBITED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE PUBLISHER. Guidelines for Use of Mini-Horizontal Directional Drilling for Placement of HDPE (PE4710) Pipe in Municipal Applications. The Calculator uses input such as directional changes in the bore path, and other project variables, to determine the Calculated Tensile Load on the selected HDPE conduit, as compared to the . It is important that, if the pipe to which the new pipe is being connected has spigot and socket joints, which will have little end load resistance, means must be provided to absorb the axial tension. Typically a thicker wall is required for HDD pull-back capacity than is required for operating pressure. For situations with burial depths or bore lengths beyond what the Those directly related to the setup and operation of the maxi-HDD equipment (machine and hydraulic operations, as well as the drilling fluid under high pressure). The pipe string is attached to the back-reamer through a swivel device. To improve your experience, other cookies may be used: you can choose to disable them. Thus, ASTM International F 1962 provides a means of determining project feasibility, as well as initial design information. as well as possible bends in the horizontal plane, should be avoided, and will increase the required pulling forces. Once the bore has been completed and reamed to the required diameter, the PE100 pipe is prepared for pull-back by attaching the end to a pulling head, swivel, reamer and drill rods at the drill exit point. %PDF-1.6 % The drilling fluid is typically a suspension of a bentonite clay and polymers. must be consistent with the steering capability of the maxi-HDD equipment, and the bending capability of the drill rods. Typical Maxi-HDD Operation (Courtesy of Murphy Pipeline Contractors), FIGURE 2. as referenced in the 2022 edition of ASTM F1962. The pipe bursting method is in full compliance with all federal regulations and guidelines. The operator of the MGS communicates with the driller and guides him towards a predetermined engineered drill path. Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) is often used to install HDPE pipe in situations where an obstacle, either above ground or below the surface, does not allow traditional installation methods to be used. Its convenient methodology for selecting an appropriate pipe strength (wall-thickness), based on the project characteristics, has led to its increasing popularity and widespread usage within industry. 0000016392 00000 n Lengths well in excess of 1000m can be installed with this technique, though depending upon the diameter required the limiting factor may be the axial load capacity of the PE100 pipe for pull-back into the bore. Within rock formations, hydraulic excavation is still taking place to some degree (evacuating spoil) but the lion's share of cutting and breaking up material is due to mechanical work being done by the tool itself. This picture shows a slant face drilling bit, also fitted with carbide tipped teeth that enable it to penetrate hard ground. Such results could be further refined by competent engineering expertise, including analysis of pipe and soil characteristics and interaction, often including the use of relatively sophisticated software tools, possibly based on the ASTM F1962 methodology. Bearing forces resulting from (previously induced) tension tending to pull the pipe snugly against any curved surfaces (capstan effect). To determine HDPE pipe performance during and following construction, linear displacement transducers, strain gauges, and a temperature probe . HDD, also known as directional boring, was developed in the early 1960s and was first used by the oil and gas industry on large-diameter, cross-country pipeline transmission line installations. Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) Calculator with HDSS or TR FLEX Pipe Horizontal Directional Drilling / Trenchless Applications and Pulling Heads Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) News About Us History Our Vision, Our Mission, Our Values Our Leadership About Quikrete Industry Links Terms & Conditions of Sale/Purchase Website Conditions of Use Rizkalla, Moness. The planned bore path, such as illustrated in. An additional length L1 exterior to the drilled path allows for handling at both ends and possible other effects (path curvature, thermal contraction, stretching, etc.). MDPE and HDPE pipes shall conform to the current ASTM D1248, ASTM D2513, ASTM D3350, and ASTM F714. (d |D$V{yX BVjLYGtQrrJrlD+i}^7o!wDC1zDYHBfrD;}Rm0mvRJvl~6t9{Yv8}lNs#fiu!N8*Vk1F57A"6DdU/{R-\'j*YJbrYE+YvsndY,zU*`47qKd0'Y^uZ Horizontal Directional Drilling - YouTube PDF Standard Specifications Horizontal Directional Drilling Part 1 General HDPE Pipes and Fittings for Water and Gas, HDPE Pipes and Fittings for Drinking Water, Steel Wire Reinforced HDPE Composite Pipe, HDPE Pipes and Fittings for Natural Gas & Oil. Directional boring offers significant environmental advantages over traditional cut and cover . Figure 2. 19), PR-277-144507-Z01 Installation of Pipelines by Horizontal Directional Drilling Engineering Design Guide (Arlington, VA: Pipeline Research Council HDPE is the safest and most efficient option for sewer pipe replacement. Those joints are also the pathway for contaminates to enter the pipe system. As-built drawings must be provided, preferably supplemented with details of the soil characteristics and drilling operation. Chapter 12 Horizontal Directional Drilling 416 borehole on pullback. Why choose PE compounds for pressure pipe ? 0000029482 00000 n The Conduit Design Calculator automates the Mini-HDD calculations described in PPI TR-46 Guidelines for Use of Mini-Horizontal Directional Drilling for Placement of High Density Polyethylene Pipe. water tanks, spoil containers, etc.) [4], The equipment used in directional boring depends on the length of the (proposed) crossing, the pipe properties (of the to-be-installed pipeline), and the (anticipated) subsurface conditions. Nominal pressure (PN) is based on C = 1,25 and an operating temperature of 20C. Soils containing high percentage of gravel and cobbles are best avoided unless the contractor is especially experienced in the conditions. High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Trenchless Pipes For HDD(Horizontal Experience: Actively engaged in horizontal directional drilling for minimum of 3 years. 3), PR-277-144507-Z01 Installation of Pipelines by Horizontal Directional Drilling Engineering Design Guide (Arlington, VA: Pipeline Research Council High-density polyethylene pipe is the most common type of pipe used in the directional drilling market and is used for 49.7% of projects. Truly international membership currently comprising 13 member companies: Borealis, Borouge, FPC, INEOS O&P, IRPC, Korea Petrochemical IND. All three systems have their own merits, and a particular system is chosen depending upon the site requirements. This product flyer is intended for reference purposes. This is a highly specialised technique, and needs an experienced and highly trained operating team, an essential member of which is the drilling mud technician, particularly on the larger diameters. The traversing pipeline can fully meet the design curve and deep buried, and the quality is safe and reliable. The mud motor is powered by the drilling mud pumped through the drilling rods. User Inputs. The cutting head is then removed and a back-reamer attached. 0000004070 00000 n [2], Directional boring/HDD is generally accomplished in three principal phases. The stiffness of the steel drill rods determines their allowable curvature, in order to avoid fatigue. At no time during welding or installation must the pipe be allowed to drag on the ground and it must therefore be supported on rollers, though it should be stored directly on the ground to avoid indentations from supporting rollers or timbers if there is to be a delay in installation. Pipefusion is a supplier of high density polyethylene pipe (HDPE) available in solid wall, perforated, profile wall, insulated and gas applications. The HDPE Pipe Model, developed by the PE100+ Association with inputs from many industry experts, includes the most frequently asked questions and answers (Q&A's) of all the elements through the pipe system value chain: design, materials, construction, operation & maintenance, and environmental issues. Waste discharge, Drainage, Mining, Slurry, Sewer, Water Reticulation, Stormwater Systems 5.8m or 11.8m/ length with the flanges ends(customizable), National Standard Laboratory/ pre-delivery inspection, Research, Design, manufacture, Test, Sales, Solution Providing, After-sale service, Black with blue stripes, black or others colors. Preliminary site investigation (Section 4). It was reissued in 2005 and 2011, and previously reinstated in 2020. The HDPE pipe should not be cut prematurely. Smaller diameter PE100 pipe can be pulled in directly from a coil trailer via a straightener re-rounder. The full range of PE100 diameters from the smallest to a maximum diameter of around 1200mm can be installed by HDD, though the required installation length may limit the use of PE100 pipe even if a heavy wall pipe is used. See also Excavations, pit sizes, Space and Access. This is not a technique to which the lowest price wins the contract principle should be applied. New York, NY: ASME, 2008. This handbook will cover printed as a PDF file or as a paper file. Any pipe installed by HDD is subject to loads of a different type and/or magnitude than are experienced in other construction methods, including by direct burial in a trench. This picture shows a small barrel reamer attached to the new pipe ready to be pulled in. hbbd``b`$mA,k D\ In contrast, tooling intended to navigate soft soils may be limited to high carbon steel (milled to a desired shape and size). Safety is a primary concern, during any activity, including construction utilizing maxi-HDD equipment and procedures. It is used instead of other techniques to provide less traffic disruption, lower cost, deeper and/or longer installation, no access pit, shorter completion times, directional capabilities, and environmental safety. 1.2 QUALITY ASSURANCE A. Joints in traditional piping materials are the biggest source of leakage. Image Courtesy: Exova Utilities, Large "maxi" drilling rig. Generally, the term Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) is intended to describe large/maxi sized drilling rigs, large diameter bores, and crossing lengths in terms of thousands of feet. This information is transmitted through the wire-line fitted within the drill string. It is also important to identify areas of poor or difficult ground, such as gravel and cobbles, which could allow the drilling mud to escape or create bore instability unless an appropriately engineered drilling mud can be used. endstream endobj startxref In some situations, more than one wall type will have sufficient Thus, guidelines for the use of midi-HDD machines and associated practices, including pipe selection methodology, may be obtained from the TR-46 document and/or ASTM F 1962, depending upon the judgment of the contractor or engineer. ASTM F1962 addresses the overall planning and design, product selection and installation practices for the placement of PE pipe using maxi-HDD equipment. Image Courtesy:Exova Utilities, Barrel Reamer.Image Courtesy:Exova Utilities, Mud recycling plant. The methodology of advancement also varies somewhat between soil and rock crossings. HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING - B & B Supply, Inc. Joints in traditional piping materials are the biggest source of leakage. Used in the oil industry to cross the river oil pipeline, Used in power system for the telecommunications cable conduit, Used in the construction of municipal drainage pipelines, Water and gas pipeline network transformation. At the "maxi" end of the range, several loads of equipment are typically shipped to site and the site area required is a significant consideration. [1], Although often used interchangeably, the terms directional boring and horizontal directional drilling are distinct in that they convey a different sense of scale. The term "directional boring" or "bore" is generally reserved for mini/small sized drilling rigs, small diameter bores, and crossing lengths in terms of hundreds of feet. hTYO0OG >rKR(PQ9Fg&% The two major sources of possible damage to the new pipe are excessive pulling force exerted if the pipe seizes during pull-back as might occur if some of the bore collapses, and scoring by any hard or rock fragments in the bore. Drilling uids are designed to match the soil and cutter. In contrast, the convenient model employed in ASTM F1962 results in a very low magnitude effect, which is directly added to the estimated pulling forces, due to frictional drag, including the capstan effect. Register here to perform horizontal directional drilling analysis using our HDD Calculator. This phenomenon is referred to as the capstan effect, as it is the principle of the capstan winch, as illustrated in. Image Courtesy:Exova Utilities, Pipe coil trailer loaded with 100metres of 180mm PE pipe. 0000018014 00000 n It's flexibility, strength and fused joints as strong as the original pipe itself, make it ideal for HDD applications. Load on the selected HDPE conduit, as compared to the allowable Safe h4~r This material is significantly tougher than older, previously used PE products, facilitating successful completion of more complicated, difficult maxi-HDD projects. What truly separates HDPE from other pipe materials is that when it is fused together (using a wide variety of standard and custom components, fittings and joining systems) it creates one homogenous system that matches the same technical and environmental specifications as the HDPE pipe. Soils containing high percentage of gravel and cobbles are best avoided unless the contractor is especially experienced in the conditions. In the absence of anti-buoyancy techniques, such as internal water ballast, the frictional drag developed within the borehole is generally much greater than that developed outside, because of the high buoyant weight for an empty PE pipe. Uncontrolled or unguided drilling can lead to substantial destruction, which can be eliminated by properly locating and guiding the drill head. Software tools are based on the ASTM F1962 document and model. As the use of trenchless technology continues to grow in popularity and use, so too does the importance of using top-quality pipe material that meets the specific requirements of the particular technique being used. 349 0 obj <> endobj Horizontal Directional Drilling, Pipe Bursting, Microtunnelling and Pipe Jacking, Rev 1, February 2010; b. PDF Standard Specifications Horizontal Directional Drilling Part 1 General When designing components to fit the pipe ID, refer to pipe dimensions and tolerances in the applicable pipe manufacturing specification. Advantages of the High Density Polyethylene Trenchless Pipes For Horizontal Directional Drilling The biggest advantage of HDPE HDPE trenchless pipes for HDD besides its long-life expectancy, is its heat-fused joints, which make the pipe a single homogenous pipeline. 0000029587 00000 n The planned bore path, such as illustrated in FIGURE 2, must be consistent with the steering capability of the maxi-HDD equipment, and the bending capability of the drill rods. ASTM F 1962 provides formulae for determining the buoyant weight under various conditions. Smaller drilling rigs suitable for installation of smaller diameters pipes are self-propelled rigs, typically track mounted, requiring little in the way of additional support equipment. Drilling fluid may escape to the surface or other facilities unless carefully managed. The initial decision involves selecting the size and capacity of the machine. 0000009915 00000 n The third stage places the product or casing pipe in the enlarged hole by way of the drill stem; it is pulled behind the reamer to allow centering of the pipe in the newly reamed path. The indicated bore/pipe path comprises three segments spanning the pipe entry (point A) to its exit point (point D), with horizontal projected distance Lbore, equal to the sum of the three horizontal (projected) segments L, exterior to the drilled path allows for handling at both ends and possible other effects (path curvature, thermal contraction, stretching, etc.). Compared with traditional trenching and buried pipes, it has better technical, environmental protection and economical efficiency, and is suitable for crossing streets, highways, railways, buildings, and rivers, especially in downtown areas, historic sites, green belts, where excavation is impossible or unsuitable areas. Horizontal drilling, one type of directional drilling, is a method that is used to install pipes, conduits and cables underground in a long shallow arc. PDF Pr9788 - Specification for Horizontal Directional Drilling - Unitywater ASTM International F1962, Standard Guide for Use of Maxi-Horizontal Directional Drilling for Placement of Polyethylene Pipe or Conduit Under Obstacles, Including River Crossings, provides recommended procedures for the placement of PE pipe using maxi-HDD. %%EOF For diameters greater than 180mm, the pipe should be made into a continuous string by butt fusion of straight lengths, and sufficient space must be available on site to make up and store the string ready for installation. FIGURE 2 illustrates a typical geometry for a maxi-HDD operation, in this case corresponding to a river crossing. HDPE conduit, also known as PE conduit, is the preferred material to house and protect electrical power and communications cables in typical applications such as power utilities, telecommunications, CATV, SCADA, FTTH, ITS, highway lighting, and other underground utilities. endstream endobj startxref Installation lengths are typically 30m and greater. 2022 Underground Construction, 2022 Gulf Publishing Holdings LLC. This page was last edited on 12 December 2022, at 19:58. ASTM F1962 is the only available ASTM standard for HDD. PDF Horizontal Directional Drilling Plan - Snohomish County PUD Successive reamers of increasing diameter are used until the bore is of sufficient size to accept the PE100 pipe. As the hole is bored, a steel drill string is extended behind a cutting head. [citation needed], The technique has extensive use in urban areas for developing subsurface utilities as it helps in avoiding extensive open cut trenches. Advancement of tooling within loose uncemented soils is largely accomplished by hydraulic excavation. When new pipe is to be installed or it is not possible to rehabilitate a pipe, so that it needs to be replaced but is in a congested area of buried infrastructure so that conventional methods such as bursting cannot be used safely, then a new or replacement PE100 pipe can often be installed by horizontal directional drilling. The HDPE pipe chosen for the twin sewage tunnels has an outside diameter of 740mm and an internal diameter of 600mm, with a standard dimensional ratio (SDR) of 11 and a pressure rating of 16 bars. Co., LTD, lyondellBasell, PetroChina Dushanzi Petrochemical Company, Prime Polymer, SABIC, SCG & Thai Polyethylene, Sinopec, and Tasnee.
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